{"id":1283,"date":"2019-10-28T12:34:23","date_gmt":"2019-10-28T16:34:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.genealogiequebec.com\/blog\/?p=1283\/"},"modified":"2022-12-14T16:52:12","modified_gmt":"2022-12-14T21:52:12","slug":"from-pascal-to-noel-the-impact-of-the-calendar-on-your-ancestors-names","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.genealogiequebec.com\/blog\/en\/2019\/10\/28\/from-pascal-to-noel-the-impact-of-the-calendar-on-your-ancestors-names\/","title":{"rendered":"From Pascal to No\u00ebl: The impact of the calendar on your ancestors’ names"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

In French Canada, the religious calendar punctuates daily life until the 20th<\/sup>\u00a0century. This influence is also conspicuous in the first names given to children.<\/p>\n

The baptisms recorded in Quebec between 1621 and 1849, available on\u00a0PRDH-IGD<\/em><\/a>, account for this phenomenon. Christmas babies named\u00a0No\u00ebl<\/em>,\u00a0No\u00eblla<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0Marie-No\u00eblle<\/em>\u00a0are the best-known example. This blog post will track religious and other seasonal events in French Canada via baptismal records.<\/p>\n

The year begins with a very appropriate name: unsurprisingly, half of baby boys named\u00a0Janvier<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>between 1621 and 1849 are baptized in January. The Three Kings\u2019 Day, or Epiphany, also leaves its mark as 22% of children named\u00a0\u00c9piphane<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>or\u00a0\u00c9piphanie<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>are baptized within two days of January 6th<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

<\/a>
\nA search for \u00c9piphane \/ \u00c9piphanie on\u00a0PRDH-IGD.com<\/a>, with the early January baptisms highlighted.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Lent, which spans from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday, and Eastertide, which lasts until Pentecost, are of great importance in the catholic calendar. As a result, 43% of\u00a0Pascals<\/strong>\u00a0are born in March or April. It is customary that marriages are not allowed during Lent. \u201cDispensations from the prohibited time\u201d have to be delivered by the bishop.<\/p>\n

The analysis of French-Canadian baptisms highlights a few changes in the catholic calendar. For example, Saint Benedict\u2019s Day is celebrated on July 11th<\/sup>\u00a0since the Second Vatican Council. However, it is on March 21st<\/sup>\u00a0that Benedict of Nursia is commemorated in French Canada, and 21% of\u00a0Beno\u00eets<\/strong>\u00a0(French form of\u00a0Benedict<\/em>) are baptized within two days of this date.<\/p>\n

The effect is also perceptible for very common names, like\u00a0Jean-Baptiste<\/em><\/strong>, inherited from John the Baptist, who is the patron saint of French Canadians since 1908. However, the celebrations of the\u00a0Saint-Jean-Baptiste<\/em>, Saint John\u2019s Day, which coincide with the summer solstice, date way further back.\u00a0The Jesuit Relations<\/em>\u00a0report a \u2018Saint John\u2019s fire\u2019 in Quebec as early as the night of June 23rd<\/sup>, 1636. This feast bears a political meaning in Quebec since at least the 19th<\/sup>\u00a0century. On June 24th<\/sup>, 1834, the patriotic song\u00a0\u00d4 Canada! Mon pays, mes amours<\/em>\u00a0(\u2018O Canada! my country, my loves\u2019) is performed for the first time. It should not be confused with current Canadian anthem\u00a0O Canada<\/em>, although it was also composed for Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day as a French-Canadian patriotic song a few decades later, in 1880.\u00a0Jean-Baptiste<\/em>\u00a0is a common first name all year long, but a peak is observed in the days surrounding June 24th<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

A more surprising finding is the concentration of\u00a0Augustins<\/strong>\u00a0in the month of August. This phenomenon, which is not of religious origin, rather arises from the etymological link between the month of August (ao\u00fbt<\/em>\u00a0in French) and\u00a0Augustin<\/em>, which both derive from latin\u00a0augustus<\/em>. 12% of Augustins are born during that month. This proportion reaches 22% in the French-Canadian elite, such as seigneurs, lawyers, notaries, doctors as well as merchants, for example. The father\u2019s profession can be found on most baptismal records. When provided, this information is generally indicated on the record certificates available on\u00a0PRDH-IGD\u00a0<\/em>(What is PRDH-IGD?<\/a>).<\/p>\n

<\/a>
\nPRDH-IGD baptism certificate of an Augustin born in August. Note that the father is a judge.<\/span><\/p>\n

All Saints\u2019 Day, celebrated on November 1st<\/sup>, also yields a French name,\u00a0Toussaint<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(literally \u2018All saints\u2019). The five-day period around this date groups one third of all 4279 Toussaints born in Quebec between 1621 and 1849. The influence of the religious calendar on first names is not specific to French Canada: it is also visible among French pioneers. For example, Toussaint Giroux, from whom most Giroux descend, was baptized on November 2nd<\/sup>, 1633 in R\u00e9veillon, in the Perche region.<\/p>\n

<\/a>
\nToussaint Giroux’s individual file on\u00a0PRDH-IGD.com<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

All Saints\u2019 Day paves the way for several major feasts during the months of November and December, which mark the end of the agricultural activities.<\/p>\n

Martin\u00a0<\/strong>is another fairly common first name that draws a large proportion of baptisms to its feast: 21%. Saint Martin\u2019s Day, celebrated on November 11th<\/sup>, is indeed an important day in the religious as well as the agricultural calendar. Lionel Groulx, an important priest and historian, reports in\u00a0Chez nos anc\u00eatres<\/em>\u00a0(\u2018In our ancestors\u2019 homes\u2019, 1920) a custom that would take place on Saint Martin\u2019s day in many seigneuries. As the harvest is over, land tenants must visit the seigneur in his manor house and pay their annual dues. The event is also described in Philippe Aubert de Gasp\u00e9\u2019s\u00a0Les anciens canadiens<\/em>, known as one of the first novels of Quebec.<\/p>\n

Just like\u00a0Jean-Baptiste<\/em>,\u00a0Catherine<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>is a very popular first name influenced by the feast day of its patron saint: over 5% of baptisms are concentrated in a five-day period around November 25th, an important religious and cultural celebration since the time of New France. The famous St. Catherine\u2019s Taffy, which is attributed to saint Marguerite Bourgeoys, a prominent figure in the early development of Montreal, is prepared on that day. This French-Canadian culinary tradition still persists today.<\/p>\n

No\u00ebl<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>and its derivatives are the archetype of calendar names: almost 40% of 3395 baptisms are celebrated within two days of Christmas. The year comes to an end with Saint Sylvester\u2019s Day, or New Year\u2019s Eve, which sees the birth of 43% of\u00a0Sylvestres<\/strong>\u00a0of the time.<\/p>\n

Proportion of baptisms in the vicinity of the date associated with a few first names in the baptismal records on\u00a0PRDH-IGD.com<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Name<\/strong><\/td>\nDay<\/strong><\/td>\nProportion of baptisms within a five-day interval (%) *<\/strong><\/td>\nNumber of baptisms<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Janvier<\/td>\nJanuary<\/td>\n49.3<\/td>\n452<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9piphan(i)e<\/td>\nJanuary 6th<\/sup><\/td>\n22.0<\/td>\n162<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Agathe<\/td>\nFebruary 5th<\/sup><\/td>\n5.4<\/td>\n3 541<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Scholastique<\/td>\nFebruary 10th<\/sup><\/td>\n6.0<\/td>\n2 741<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Valentin<\/td>\nFebruary 14th<\/sup><\/td>\n29.3<\/td>\n165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Patrice<\/td>\nMarch 17th<\/sup><\/td>\n22.8<\/td>\n631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Patrick<\/td>\n6.5<\/td>\n1 981<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Beno\u00eet<\/td>\nMarch 21st<\/sup><\/td>\n21.1<\/td>\n690<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pascal<\/td>\nMarch and April<\/td>\n43.2<\/td>\n2 558<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(Jean) Baptiste<\/td>\nJune 24th<\/sup><\/td>\n2.9<\/td>\n53 506<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Augustin<\/td>\nAugust<\/td>\n12.0<\/td>\n11 371<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Michel(le)<\/td>\nSeptember 29th<\/sup><\/td>\n10.0<\/td>\n17 310<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u00e9mi<\/td>\nOctober 1st<\/sup><\/td>\n7.2<\/td>\n1 445<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u00e9r\u00e8se<\/td>\nOctober 15th<\/sup><\/td>\n3.1<\/td>\n9 222<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ursule<\/td>\nOctober 21st<\/sup><\/td>\n3.9<\/td>\n4 499<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toussaint<\/td>\nNovember 1st<\/sup><\/td>\n29.9<\/td>\n4 279<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Martin<\/td>\nNovember 11th<\/sup><\/td>\n21.3<\/td>\n1 255<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e9cile<\/td>\nNovember 22nd<\/sup><\/td>\n6.5<\/td>\n3 444<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Catherine<\/td>\nNovember 25th<\/sup><\/td>\n5.4<\/td>\n20 718<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Andr\u00e9<\/td>\nNovember 30th<\/sup><\/td>\n4.0<\/td>\n7 645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(Fran\u00e7ois) Xavier<\/td>\nDecember 3rd<\/sup><\/td>\n4.1<\/td>\n17 019<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No\u00ebl and derivatives<\/td>\nDecember 25th<\/sup><\/td>\n38.9<\/td>\n3 395<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9tienne<\/td>\nDecember 26th<\/sup><\/td>\n6.2<\/td>\n9 088<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sylvestre<\/td>\nDecember 31st<\/sup><\/td>\n42.6<\/td>\n295<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

* In the case of first names referring to a month, the number in this column indicates the percentage of baptisms recorded during that month.<\/span><\/p>\n

This exercise, conducted with the exceptionally well-preserved data of the Drouin Collection Records, indexed on\u00a0Genealogy Quebec<\/em><\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0PRDH-IGD<\/em><\/a>, sheds light on the influence of the calendar on given names. By paying renewed attention to the link between names and dates of birth, you will probably also be able to make sense of the names of some of your ancestors.<\/p>\n

Marielle C\u00f4t\u00e9-Gendreau
\nStudent and Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al’s Programme de recherche en d\u00e9mographie historique (PRDH) collaborator.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In French Canada, the religious calendar punctuates daily life until the 20th\u00a0century. This influence is also conspicuous in the first names given to children. The baptisms recorded in Quebec between 1621 and 1849, available on\u00a0PRDH-IGD, account for this phenomenon. Christmas babies named\u00a0No\u00ebl,\u00a0No\u00eblla\u00a0or\u00a0Marie-No\u00eblle\u00a0are the best-known example. This blog post will track religious and other seasonal events … <\/p>\n

Continue reading “From Pascal to No\u00ebl: The impact of the calendar on your ancestors’ names”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles-en"],"yoast_head":"\r\nFrom Pascal to No\u00ebl: The impact of the calendar on your ancestors' names - G\u00e9n\u00e9alogie et histoire du Qu\u00e9bec<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogiequebec.com\/blog\/en\/2019\/10\/28\/from-pascal-to-noel-the-impact-of-the-calendar-on-your-ancestors-names\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"From Pascal to No\u00ebl: The impact of the calendar on your ancestors' names - G\u00e9n\u00e9alogie et histoire du Qu\u00e9bec\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In French Canada, the religious calendar punctuates daily life until the 20th\u00a0century. This influence is also conspicuous in the first names given to children. The baptisms recorded in Quebec between 1621 and 1849, available on\u00a0PRDH-IGD, account for this phenomenon. Christmas babies named\u00a0No\u00ebl,\u00a0No\u00eblla\u00a0or\u00a0Marie-No\u00eblle\u00a0are the best-known example. 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This influence is also conspicuous in the first names given to children. The baptisms recorded in Quebec between 1621 and 1849, available on\u00a0PRDH-IGD, account for this phenomenon. Christmas babies named\u00a0No\u00ebl,\u00a0No\u00eblla\u00a0or\u00a0Marie-No\u00eblle\u00a0are the best-known example. 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